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Using a VPN is a great way to protect your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it is not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shooter's iPhone, they asked Apple to get a rear door to get past the encryption. But no such back door existed, and Apple refused to make one. The FBI had to employ hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a back door or similar hack exists, it becomes a goal, a decoration for the bad guys. It'll leak sooner or later. In a discussion at Black Hat last summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update thembut the poor guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to keep a document secret you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a safe. The two main approaches in encryption utilities parallel with these options.
One sort of product simply procedures files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. Another creates a virtual disc drive that, when open, acts like any other drive on your system. When you lock the virtual drive, each the files that you put into it's completely inaccessible. .
Like the virtual drive solution, some products save your encrypted data in the cloud. This strategy demands extreme care, obviously. Encrypted information in the cloud has a far bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It actually depends on how you plan to use encryption. If you're not sure, take advantage of the 30-day free trial provided by each of these products to get a feel for the different options.
Once you copy a file into secure storage, or make an encrypted version of it, then you definitely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even in the event that you bypass the Recycle Bin, since the information still exists on disk, and data retrieval utilities can often get it back. .
Some encryption products prevent this problem by encrypting the document in location, literally overwriting it on disk using an encrypted version. It's more common, however, to offer safe deletion as an option. If you choose something that lacks this feature, you should find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting data before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based retrieval tools. Hardware-based forensic recovery works since the magnetic recording of data on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the process involves nulling out the known information and reading around the borders of what's left.
An encryption algorithm is similar to a black box. Dump a document, picture, or other file into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back through the box, using the exact same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has depended on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and all the products accumulated here service AES. Even those that support other calculations tend to recommend using AES.
If you are an encryption expert, you may want another algorithm, Blowfish, perhaps, or even the Soviet government's GOST. For the typical consumer, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you have to keep them secret, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you get two keys. One is public; you can discuss it with anyone, enroll it in an integral exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you like. The other is private, and needs to weblink be carefully guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I simply encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this program in reverse, you can make a digital signature that shows that your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Exactly To encrypt it with your private key. The simple fact your public key decrypts it's all of the evidence you need. PKI support is less common than support for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to share a document with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products enable creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You could also find that the recipient can use a free, decryption-only tool.